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Hieronymus Bosch: Biography |
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Hieronymus
Bosch, also Jeroen Bosch, (c. 1450 - 1518) was a prolific Dutch painter
of the 15th century. Many of his works depict sin and human moral
failings; they contain complex, highly original, imaginative, and
dense use of symbolic figures and iconography, some of which was
obscure even in his own time. He is said to have been an inspiration
to the surrealism movement in the 20th century.
His true name was Hieronymus (or Jeroen) van Aeken. He signed his
paintings with Bosch (pronounced as Boss in Dutch), derived from
his birthplace |
 Hieronymus Bosch |
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In
Spanish he is often called El Bosco. Born as a son of a German
painter, he spent most of his life in s'Hertogenbosch, a town in
the south of today's Netherlands, near Tilburg. In 1463, some 4000
houses in the town were destroyed by a catastrophic fire, which
the then about 13-year-old Bosch may have witnessed. He became
a popular painter and even received commissions from abroad. In
1488 he joined the Brotherhood of Our Lady, an arch conservative
religious group of some 40 influential citizens of s'Hertogenbosch. |
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 Hieronomous Bosch: Hell, right panel from triptych 'Garden of Earthly Delights' (1504 - 1505) |
He produced several triptychs, works
of three paintings on wooden panels that are attached to each other.
Among his most famous is The Garden of Earthly Delight which was
created 1504-1405. This triptych depicts paradise with Adam and Eve
and many wonderous animals on the left panel, the earthly delights
with numerous nude figures and tremendous fruit and birds on the
middle panel, and hell with depictions of fantastic punishments of
the various types of sinners on the right panel.
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